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' BERGEN. STOVE, RANGE, 5w. No. 425,487. Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

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. E. BERGEN. v STOVE, RANGE, 8nd. 7 1 No. 425,487. Patented A pr. 1-5. 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @rrrce.

EDGAR BERGEN, OF FLATBUSH, NEYV YORK.

STOVE, RAN c E, 8w.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,487, dated April 15, 1890.

Application filed May 22, 1889. Serial No, 311,758. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR BERGEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at the town of Flatbush,in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful improvement which may be applied to stoves, ranges, furnaces, and all other devices which burn fuel, by means of which they are enabled at all times to consume all the gases generated from the fuel during the process of combustion, and by means of which, when applied to cooking stoves and ranges, all warping or cracking of plates (or covers) and center-pieces is prevented; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the manufacture of stoves, ranges, or furnaces to make and use the said invention.

Heretofore householders have found it necessary to buy new plates (or covers) and center-pieces for their ranges or stoves about once a year, and the gases generated from the fuel have been only partially consumed.-

The object of my invention is to secure the perfect combustion of all gases generated from the fuel during the process of combustion and to entirely prevent all warping or cracking of plates (or covers) and centerpieces in cook-stoves and ranges. I attain both of these objects by supplying a constant sheet-like current of cold air over the fire immediately beneath the plates (or covers) and center-pieces supporting the same, which prevents their becoming superheated, and consequently prevents all warping or cracking, while at the same time the cold-air current is so slight that it does not chill the fire, but, on the contrary, increases its heat by mixing the gases generated from the fuel with pure air, thereby rendering them combustible.

The mechanism by which the cold-air current is supplied to cooking stoves and ranges is illustrated by the diagrams hereto annexed.

Figure 1 on Diagram No. l is an outward view of the upper range or stove door, showing an open air-space a, three-sixteenths of an inch wide, made in the upper rim thereof and extending along the entire length of the door. The said door is equal in length to the width of the fire-space, and is placed as near the top of the stove or range as possible, and is also located beneath the apron of the stove or range, so that the opening is invisible, and the cook is at the same time shielded from the fire, to which she would otherwise be exposed by reason of said opening.

Fig. 2 on the said diagram is an inside View of the said door, which shows it to consist of a fiat plate 0 c, surrounded by a rim Z) I) and cl d (Z (l, three-sixteenths of an inch deep and extending outward from the plate 0 O on all sides, much like the rim of the cover to an ordinary square pasteboard box, except that at the bottom of the door the rim is formed by a round bar three-eighths of an inch deep, which forms the axle or hinge, upon which the door opens downward, and at the top of the door, between the points cl d, the rim is omitted and is placed one-half of an inch be low the top, as designated by the letters I) I), thus leaving an open space between the door and the stove or range, which communicates git-h the fire, and is shown by the letter a on Fig. 3 on the said diagram shows the upper portion of the door 6, and also exhibits the open air-space a, which appears in Fig. 1.

The dotted lines g g in Fig. 3 show the firespace, and the-letters f f show the apron of the stove or range, which effectually conceals the said opening a.

Fig. 4: on Diagram No. 2 is a sectional view of the stove or range made on a central transverse line through the same, showing the said opening a, the door 0, its top 6, its inner rim or flange b, placed about half'an inch from the top of the door, the door-rest 713 in, the apron of the stove f, the center-pieces Z Z, the fire-pot h, the ash-pan 2', and the smoke-flue j. It also shows the relation which the said imppovenient in doors bears to the said firepot r.

In those cooking stoves and ranges in which the apron forms a part of the upper or feed door the said opening may be made through the door just beneath the apron portion, and' shielded, if necessary, with a cover opening downward, like the latch-piece to an exterior door-lock; but the opening, in order to pro tect the covers and center-pieces from warping or cracking, must be equal in length to the width of the fire-spacethat is to say, in order to prevent the warping of the plates (or covers) and center-pieces of cooking stoves and ranges, and in order to consume all the gases generated from the fuel during the process of combustion, the feed door or doors of ranges, cook-stoves, furnaces, and all other devices for burning fuel should be so constructed as to extend horizontally along the Whole front width of the rectangular fire-pot h, as shown in Fig. 4, or along thatside of said fire-pot or fire-space which is directly opposite to and farthest from the smoke-flue j, and be provided with a long, narrow, and unobstructed opening or'air-space between said door or doors and their door-rest equal to the whole horizontal length of said door or doors at the top thereof.

While I am aware that' said device may be Varied by placing the said opening through the front portion of the range, stove, furnace, or other device for burning fuel, instead of through the feed-door thereof, and that its size may be more orless than three-sixteenths of an inch wide, and said opening may be located over the fire either higher or lower than as above described, the construction which.

I have above indicated I deem to be the best method, and other mere formal variations from the above-described method I do not deem to be unprotected by this application for a patent.

The novelty of myinvention consists in the fact that the cold air over the fire is not introduced, as heretofore, through mere perforations, with intervening obstructions, nor through a slide which is sometimes open and is sometimes closed, and which (even when open) is always partly obstructed by the metal between the open spaces, and is always too large to be left continually open; nor is it introduced through a door which extends in front of only a portion of the fire-space or fire-pot, but is introduced through a long, narrow, and unobstructed opening, which is always open, and can never become clogged or closed, and extends horizontally along the Whole front width of a rectangular fire-pot or along that side thereof which is directly opposite to and farthest from the smoke-flue, and which opening at all times furnishes a steady sheet-like current of cold air over the whole fire-surface of ranges and stoves immediately beneath the plates (or covers) and center-pieces. 1

The air-space is not placed, as in other designs, in the center of the upper or feed door,

nor at the bottom of said door, but at the top thereof, so as to bring the cold air as near the plates (or covers) and center-pieces as possible without weakening the strength of their support; and where there are no plates (or covers) or center-pieces the whole fire is continually supplied with a current of cold air sufficient to cause it to burn all the gases generated from the fuel. e

What I claim as my invention, and desir to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The feed-door 0 of a range or cook-stove, so constructed as to extend horizontally along the whole front width of the rectangular firepot ,h, or along that side of said fire-pot which is directly opposite to and farthest from the smoke-flue j, and so constructed as, when closed, to leave between its upper portion e and its adjacent door-rest k a long, narrow, and unobstructed open air-space a at the top of said door only, which said air-space is continually open, and extends along the whole horizontal length of said door, and communicates with the fire-space over the fire con tained in the fire-pot 71, all substantially as described.

2. The combination of the said feed-door 0, as above described, of a range or cook-stove with its adjacent door-rest k, (at the top of the door,) connected with the apron projection f in such manner that between the upper portion of the said door 0 and the door-rest it at the top of the door only along, narrow, and unobstructed open air-space a, continually open, extends along the Whole horizontal length of the said door, and communicates-with the firespace over the fire contained in the fire-pot h at a point as near to the plates (or covers) and center-piecesl Z as possible, all substantially as set forth.-

3. The combination of the plate 0 c of the feed-door of a range, cook-stove, furnace, orother device for burning fuel, with the inward-, projecting rim 1) I), placed at a distance from the top of said plate, which rim is connected with the side rims cl d, and which said plate 0 c at the top has no inward-projectingrim, all substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

4. The feed door or doors of a stove, furnace, or other device for burning fuel, so constructed as to extend horizontally along the whole front width of the adjacent fire-pot or fire-space, or along that side of a rectangular fire-pot or fire-space which is directly opposite to and farthest from the smoke-flue, and also so constructed by omitting the inner projecting rim from the top of the door and plac: ing said rim below the top of the dooras to leave between the upper portion of saiddoor or doors and its or their adjacent door-resta long, narrow, and unobstructed open air-space,

which is continually open, even when, said- 

